{"id":5517,"date":"2021-03-06T06:29:47","date_gmt":"2021-03-06T06:29:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/?p=5517"},"modified":"2023-08-31T10:36:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T05:06:00","slug":"what-is-a-real-time-operating-system-rtos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/what-is-a-real-time-operating-system-rtos\/","title":{"rendered":"FreeRTOS Lecture 2 &#8211; What is a Real Time Operating System (RTOS)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"boldgrid-section\" style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #eeeeee, #eeeeee);\" data-bg-color-1=\"#EEEEEE\" data-bg-color-2=\"#EEEEEE\" data-bg-direction=\"to left\">\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"row\" style=\"padding-top: 35px; padding-bottom: 0px; background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #eeeeee, #eeeeee);\" data-bg-color-1=\"#EEEEEE\" data-bg-color-2=\"#EEEEEE\" data-bg-direction=\"to left\">\n<div class=\"col-md-1 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 col-lg-1\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-10 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 col-lg-10\">\n<h1 class=\"\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 30px; border-width: 0px; line-height: 45px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">What is a Real Time Operating System (RTOS)?<\/span><\/h1>\n<div class=\"row bg-editor-hr-wrap\" style=\"border-width: 0px; margin-top: -25px;\">\n<div class=\"col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-xs-12 col-sm-12\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"bg-hr bg-hr-10 color2-color\" style=\"border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 3px;\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">In the previous article, you understood <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/freertos-lecture-1-what-is-real-time-application-rtas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">what a real-time application<\/a>(RTA)<\/span>&nbsp;is. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">You understood that a real-time application is time deterministic. That means its response time to events is always almost constant. You can always trust that application in terms of its timings in responding to events.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #ff0000;\">How to run the Real-Time Application? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">You cannot take a Real-Time Application and run it on a general-purpose OS like Windows or Linux because they will never help you to meet strict timing requirements. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The solution lies in a specialized infrastructure: a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS). RTOS is tailored precisely to meet the timing requisites of real-time applications, assuring adherence to these critical timings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>What is a Real-Time OS?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It is an OS specially designed to run applications with very precise timing and a high degree of reliability. To be considered as real-time, an operating system must have a known maximum time for each of the critical operations that it performs. Some of these operations include :-<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"><strong>Handling of interrupts and internal system exceptions<\/strong>. Unlike general-purpose OS, in RTOS, the interrupt latency is kept as very minimal as possible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"><strong>Handling of critical section code<\/strong>:&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">In the Real-Time Operating System, you don\u2019t find huge critical section code segments, where the interrupts of the system are turned off.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"><strong>Scheduling mechanism<\/strong>. Unlike the general-purpose OS, the scheduling mechanism in RTOS is simple and always favors high-priority tasks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000080;\"><strong>Real-Time OS (RTOS) vs. General-Purpose OS(GPOS)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Now let\u2019s see the important differences between a Real-Time Operating System and a General-Purpose Operating System.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5520\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5520\" style=\"width: 744px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5520\" src=\"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39.png\" alt=\"Real Time Operating System (RTOS)\" width=\"744\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39.png 1855w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-768x310.png 768w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-1024x413.png 1024w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-600x242.png 600w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-120x48.png 120w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-500x202.png 500w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-200x81.png 200w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-400x162.png 400w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-800x323.png 800w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-39-1200x485.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5520\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Figure 1. RTOS vs. GPOS.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The examples of GPOS you may already know. All your desktop operating systems like Linux, Windows, Mac OS, iOS, and Android (Figure 1) are famously used for tablets, and mobile phones are all fall into the category of GPOS.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Some of the examples of Real-Time Operating Systems are: &#8211;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul class=\"\" style=\"margin-left: 35px; border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">VxWorks Real-Time Operating System. VxWorks is basically from the company called Windriver, which was acquired by Intel around maybe 10 years ago. VxWorks is proprietary software, and you need to have a license to use that. VxWorks is widely used in the field of safety, security, IoT, etc., and this is one of the most famous Real-Time Operating Systems used for embedded applications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The next one is QNX Neutrino by the company called QNX. The QNX Neutrino Real-Time Operating System is majorly used in Industrial automation applications, medical, and also in the robotics field.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">And the next one is Free RTOS. The Free RTOS is from FreeRTOS.org. This is also one of the famous Real-Time Operating Systems among developers. It comes with two flavors. One is called Open RTOS, and another one is Safe RTOS. We will be using Free RTOS in this course, which is absolutely free to download and also it is royalty-free.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The next one is Integrity. This is from Green Hills Software, majorly used for security and safety-related applications.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">These are some of the most commonly used Real-Time Operating Systems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Strictly speaking, mobile operating systems like Android and iOS may not fall into the pure general-purpose OS category. You can consider them in the category of Embedded OS (Figure 2). So, all the real-time operating systems we just discussed will fall into the category of Embedded Real-Time Operating Systems (Figure 2).<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5521\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5521\" style=\"width: 744px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5521\" src=\"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12.png\" alt=\"Real Time Operating System (RTOS)\" width=\"744\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12.png 1613w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-768x417.png 768w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-1024x555.png 1024w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-600x325.png 600w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-120x65.png 120w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-500x271.png 500w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-200x108.png 200w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-400x217.png 400w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-800x434.png 800w, https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Figure-2-12-1200x651.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5521\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Figure 2. Categories of Operating Systems.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"\" style=\"border-width: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-weight: 400; font-size: 17px; line-height: 30px;\" data-font-family=\"Roboto Slab\" data-font-weight=\"400\" data-font-style=\"\">In the following article, let&#8217;s learn <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/rtos-vs-gpos-task-scheduling\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RTOS vs GPOS: Task Scheduling<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; What is a Real Time Operating System (RTOS)? &nbsp; &nbsp; In the previous article, you understood what a real-time application(RTA)&nbsp;is. You understood that a real-time application is time deterministic. That means its response time to events is always almost constant. You can always trust that application in terms of its timings in responding to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5520,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[19],"class_list":["post-5517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-freertos-lectures","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is a Real Time Operating System (RTOS)? | FreeRTOS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Real Time Operating System(RTOS). Learn about the differences between RTOS and general-purpose operating systems, and explore popular RTOS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/what-is-a-real-time-operating-system-rtos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is a Real Time Operating System (RTOS)? | FreeRTOS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Real Time Operating System(RTOS). 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