{"id":6154,"date":"2021-06-01T10:31:23","date_gmt":"2021-06-01T10:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/?p=6154"},"modified":"2023-09-02T17:10:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-02T11:40:40","slug":"using-mcu-peripherals-and-implementing-initialization-codes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/blog\/using-mcu-peripherals-and-implementing-initialization-codes\/","title":{"rendered":"FreeRTOS Lecture 33 – Using MCU peripherals and implementing initialization codes"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Using MCU peripherals and implementing initialization codes<\/span><\/h1>\n
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 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Now let\u2019s learn more about how FreeRTOS schedules the FreeRTOS related tasks, how exactly the task executes, and for how many durations each task executes. You will understand all these topics as you make progress.<\/span><\/p>\n

Our goal was to create two tasks and use semihosting to print some logs. But the semihosting is not that great idea. It is definitely helpful when you do debugging. But in order to get the logs using semihosting or printf\u2019s, you have to keep the board into debug mode. Then only it will work. Otherwise, it won\u2019t work.<\/span><\/p>\n

In this article, let\u2019s use the UART peripheral of the microcontroller to send logs to the computer over serial communication. <\/span><\/p>\n

Now let\u2019s see how we can configure the UART peripheral and how to use that in the FreeRTOS scenario. <\/span><\/p>\n

For that, we are going to use the standard peripheral driver given by the STMicroelectronics. We will be using various driver files like UART driver, clock driver, and GPIO driver to configure the UART peripheral.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Let\u2019s create one function called prvSetupHardware to configure the UART peripheral, where prv means private. This is a private function. You can even make it static, as shown below. <\/span><\/p>\n

It is a private function in order to implement all hardware-specific configurations. Hardware means microcontroller or board. All board-related initialization or any peripheral related initialization we can do in this function. <\/span><\/p>\n

So, let\u2019s keep all the microcontroller peripheral specific initialization inside this prvSetupHardware function.<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> vTask2_handler(void<\/span> *params)\r\n{\r\n    while<\/span>(1)\r\n    {\r\n         printf(\"Hello-world: From Task-2\\n\");\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nstatic void<\/span> prvSetupUart(void<\/span>)\r\n{\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n
Function to setup the hardware<\/span><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
Now let\u2019s give the prototype of the prvSetupHardware function, as shown in Figure 1.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Figure
Figure 1. Prototype of prvSetupHardware function.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
Let\u2019s call the prvSetupHardware function from main, as shown in Figure 2.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"\"
Figure 2. Call for the prvSetupHardware function.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
Instead of removing semihosting related calls, manage them using preprocessor macros, as shown below. Now the semihosting related calls are used only if the ifdef is defined.<\/span><\/p>\n
#include<\/span><stdio.h>\r\n#include<\/span><stdint.h>\r\n#include<\/span><string.h>\r\n#include<\/span> \"stm32f4xx.h\"\r\n\r\n#include<\/span> \"FreeRTOS.h\"\r\n#include<\/span> \"task.h\"\r\n\r\nTaskHandle_t xTaskHandle1=NULL;\r\nTaskHandle_t xTaskHandle2=NULL;\r\n\r\n\/\/Task functions prototypes<\/span>\r\nvoid<\/span> vTask1_handler(void<\/span> *params);\r\nvoid<\/span> vTask2_handler(void<\/span> *params);\r\n\r\n#ifdef<\/span> USE_SEMIHOSTING\r\n\/\/used for semihosting<\/span>\r\nextern void<\/span> initialise_monitor_handles();\r\n#endif<\/span>\r\n\r\nstatic void<\/span> prvSetupHardware(void);\r\n\r\nint<\/span> main(void)\r\n{\r\n\r\n#ifdef<\/span> USE_SEMIHOSTING\r\n     initialise_monitor_handles();\r\n     printf(\"This is hello world example code\\n\");\r\n#endif<\/span><\/pre>\n
Use of preprocessor macros to manage the semihosting related calls<\/span><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
Remove the semihosting related printf\u2019s in the task handlers, as shown in Figure 3. You can replace it with UART-related printf\u2019s later.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 3. Removing semihosting related codes from the task handlers.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
Build this code and see whether it builds successfully or not (Figure 4). It builds successfully without any errors.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 4. Building the project.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
If you want to use semihosting, then you have to define the macro USE_SEMIHOSTING in the project settings. Let\u2019s see how we can do that.<\/span><\/p>\n
 Just copy that macro and go to the project, select properties (Figure 5), after that go to C\/ C++ build, go to settings (Figure 6), go to MCU GCC compiler, and then go to the preprocessor (Figure 7). <\/span><\/p>\n
After that, click on the add option marked in Figure 8. You will see a popup; there, you paste the macro and click ok (Figure 9). Then apply those changes and click ok (Figure 10). If you don\u2019t want to use the semihosting, then you just disable that.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 5. Properties of the current STM32 project.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 6. C\/ C++ build settings.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 7. Preprocessor of MCU GCC compiler.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 8. Option to add the preprocessor macro.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 9. Adding the preprocessor macro USE_SEMIHOSTING.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 10. Applying the changes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
Now let\u2019s see whether it builds properly or not (Figure 11). The project builds successfully without any problems.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 11. Building the project.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
But for this example, we don\u2019t need semihosting; therefore, let\u2019s remove that, as shown in Figure 12. After that, apply changes and click ok.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Using
Figure 12. Removing preprocessor macro USE_SEMIHOSTING.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
 <\/p>\n
FastBit Embedded Brain Academy Courses<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
https:\/\/fastbitlab.com\/course1<\/a><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
  Using MCU peripherals and implementing initialization codes     Now let\u2019s learn more about how FreeRTOS schedules the FreeRTOS related tasks, how exactly the task executes, and for how many durations each task executes. You will understand all these topics as you make progress. Our goal was to create two tasks and use semihosting […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[19],"class_list":["post-6154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-freertos-lectures","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"\nUsing MCU Peripherals and Implementing Initialization Codes in FreeRTOS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to configure and use the UART peripheral of a microcontroller in FreeRTOS to send logs to a computer over serial communication. 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